gallon.noun,.plural.gallons
a unit
of volume
or capacity
used in liquid.measure,
equal
to 4 quarts (3.785 liters); also a unit of volume
in the British Imperial System, used in liquid and dry measure, equal to
4 quarts (4.546 liters); a container with a capacity of one gallon
Grotius, Hugo,
originally Huig de Groot. Born April 10, 1583 A.D.,
Delft, Netherlands, died August 28, 1645. Dutch.(map).jurist, 
politician
and theologian whose book De Veritate Religionis Christianae; English,
The
Truth of the Christian Religion (1627), the book that in his lifetime
probably enjoyed the highest popularity among his works. Another major
work of his is Of the Law of War and Peace (1625) and is considered
the first comprehensive treatise
on international law.
Picture is a portrait of
Hugo Grotius painted by Michiel Janszoon van Mierevelt and courtesy of
the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.
Encyclopedia Britannica
adds:."Grotius
was deeply involved in Dutch politics. In the early 17th century the united
kingdom of Spain and Portugal claimed a monopoly on trade with the East
Indies. In 1604, after a Dutch admiral had seized the Portuguese vessel
Santa Catarina, the Dutch East India Company asked Grotius to produce a
work legally defending the action on the ground that, by claiming a monopoly
on the right of trade, Spain-Portugal had deprived the Dutch of their natural
trading rights. The work De Jure Praedae (On the Law of Prize
and Booty) remained unpublished during his lifetime, except for one
chapter—in which Grotius defends free access to the ocean for all nations—which
appeared under the famous title Mare Liberum (The Freedom of
the Seas) in 1609. Grotius was sentenced to life imprisonment in the
fortress of Loevestein (Grotius disagreed
with the government ruling at the time; not
a good thing to do). In 1621, with the
aid of his wife, Grotius made a dramatic escape from the castle by hiding
in a chest of books. He fled to Antwerp and finally to Paris, where he
stayed until 1631 under the patronage of Louis XIII."
Grotius believed that natural
law was an important tool to restrain and regulate wars in Europe, thus
reducing bloodshed. To this end he reintroduced various elements of Christianity
into his reasonings. When Grotius found it difficult to persuade rulers
to refrain from resorting to war or committing cruel acts during war, he
did not hesitate to resort to both the Old Testament law of God and the
law of love taken from the New Testament.
It's easy to see how effective
he was by looking at the state of the world today. Those in power didn't
listen to him to any degree which could have made a difference.
"Prince Maurice died in 1625
and in 1631 Grotius returned to Holland. After intense debate in the States
of Holland, Grotius was again threatened with arrest. In 1632 he went to
Hamburg, then the centre of Franco-Swedish diplomatic relations. In 1634
the Swedish chancellor, Axel, Count Oxenstierna, offered him the position
of Swedish ambassador in Paris. Grotius accepted the appointment and Swedish
citizenship. He settled again in Paris, but his life as a diplomat was
not as successful as his life as a scholar.
"In 1636–37 he worked on
the Historia Gotthorum, Vandalorum et Langobardorum (History of the
Goths, Vandals and Lombards). He showed great interest in the reunification
of the Christian church and published a number of works dealing with this
subject. He also revised, again and again De Jure Belli ac Pacis;
the last edition including his own revision was published in 1646, shortly
after his death. On the other hand, Grotius was not appointed to be a negotiator
at the important peace conferences of Münster and Osnabrück that
finally resulted in the Peace of Westphalia that ended the Thirty Years'
War. In 1644 Grotius was relieved of his post of ambassador in Paris. After
consultations with Queen Christina, he left Stockholm for Lübeck on
Aug. 12, 1645, but was shipwrecked on the coast of eastern Pomerania. The
great man, great not only in the history of international law but also
in natural law, civil law, criminal law and modern humanities, soon died
of exhaustion at Rostock."....information
from Encyclopedia Britannica.
Grotius life lesson could
be said to be, if God wants, it'll get done and if God's not in it, should
you be? How to get
guidance for life.
gauge.also.gage.noun,.plural.gauges.also.gages
a standard
or scale of measurement;
a standard dimension, quantity
or capacity; an instrument
for measuring or testing; a means
of estimating or evaluating;
a test (a gauge of character);
in nautical.terms,
the position of a vessel.in
relation to.another
vessel and the wind; the distance
between the two rails of a railroad; the distance between two wheels on
an axle; the interior diameter
of a shotgun barrel as determined
by the number of lead balls
of a size exactly fitting the barrel that are required to make one pound
(a 12-gauge shotgun); thickness or diameter, as of sheet metal or wire;
the fineness of knitted cloth as determined by the number of loops per
1!/2 inches
gauged.also.gaged,
gauging,
gaging,
gauges,
gages.transitive
verbs
to measure.precisely;
to determine the capacity, volume
or contents of; to evaluate
or judge (gauge a person's ability)
gaugeable.adjective
galena.noun,.plural.galenas
a gray mineral,
essentially.PbS,
the principal.ore
of lead
get,
gets,
got,
gat,
gotten,
getting.verbs
transitive
verb use.to
come into possession or use of; receive (got a kitten for her birthday);
to meet with or incur (got a reward for her efforts); to go after and obtain
(got a book at the library; got breakfast in town); to go after and bring
(have to get out of this funk); to
purchase (gone to get groceries); to acquire as a result of action or effort
(got his information based on observation of results)
intransitive
verb use.to
become or grow to be (got well quickly after changing to organic foods)
get after.phrasal
verb
to urge
(my mother was always getting after me to improve and those encouragements
turned out to be a good thing for me; the teacher was mean to her, always
getting after her to be like the others, so the group would be easier to
control as individuality
would be wiped out {*})
get ahead.phrasal
verb
if you want to get ahead,
you want to be successful in whatever you have chosen to do; to flourish;
excel;
enlarge;
expand;
grow;
increase;
prosper;
succeed;
to do well; thrive (Tesla
and Bearden and so
many others studied, then applied creativity to what they knew and were
able to develop so many things helpful to humanity; most people of sound
mind (2Timothy 1:7) want safety,
security, a home and a chance to get ahead by making
a good difference in life)
get along.phrasal
verb
to be or continue to be
on harmonious.terms
(gets along well with others because she is always happy)
get at.phrasal
verb
to touch or reach successfully
(the cat hid where we couldn't get at it)
get away,
get
away with.verb
to travel (this summer we
are getting away to some of the beautiful areas close to home; took some
time to get away from the daily usual);
to escape.potentially.unpleasant.consequences;
get away with forbidden action;
to succeed in doing whatever one
chooses without being corrected
get
even.phrasal
verb
to compensate;
to equalize a wrong done to you
by doing a wrong to whomever harmed you; to take revenge:.Romans
12:19
get
go.noun,.plural.get
goes
the start of doing something
get going.verb
to get started at doing
something
get it.verb
to comprehend.usually
after some.initial.difficulty
(many people just don't 'get it' quick enough and therefore.probably.suffer
with a lack of the knowledge that would have been helpful to them); to
innerstand; also, to fetch
something (the ball bounced away and the dog ran to get it)
guy.noun,.plural.guys
a rope, cord
or cable used to steady, support, guide or secure something,
often called a guywire (suspension bridges are secured with many guywires)
guy,
guyed,
guying,
guys.transitive
verbs
to steady, guide or secure
with a rope, cord
or cable
guy.noun,.plural.guys
individuals
of either sex, male or female (Hey
guys! What's up?)
game theory.noun,.plural.games
theory
also called theory
of games; a mathematical.method
of decision making in which a competitive.situation
is analyzed to determine
the optimal.course
of action for an interested party,
often used in political, economic
and military.planning;
game theory applies to situations
where one's choices, combined
with choices of others, interact
in affecting an outcome;
born in Hungary, the brilliant.Johnny
Von Neumann and German born American Oskar Morgenstern, an economist,
together wrote their book The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior,
1944, about solving economic problems
gamy.also
spelt.gamey,
gamier,
gamiest.adjectives
having
the flavor or odor
of game, such as game that is
slightly.spoiled;
ill-smelling;
rank
gamily.adverb
gaminess.noun
game.noun,.plural.games
wild animals, birds or fish
hunted for food (the food tasted gamy); an activity.providing.entertainment
or amusement; a pastime
(party games; word games; the game of basketball; the game of old maid);
an organized athletic program or contest (school track-and-field games;
took part in winter games); the total number of points required
to win a game (one hundred points is game in bridge); the score.accumulated
at any given time in a game (the hockey game is now 4 to 2)
game,
gamed,
gaming,
games.verbs
transitive verb use.to
lose in some game (he got gamed in chess)
intransitive verb use.to
play for stakes
game,
gamer,
gamest.adjectives
ready and willing (are you
game for a swim?)
fair game.noun,.plural.fair
games
an individual or thing that
is considered a reasonable target for exploitation
the only game in town.idiom
the only alternative
(that coffee shop is the only game in this tiny town)
gamely.adverb
gameness.noun
game,
gamer,
gamest.adjectives
lame
(a game leg); crippled
gustatory.also.gustative.adjective
of.or.relating.to
the sense of taste
gustatorily.adverb
geyser.noun,.plural.geysers
a natural hot spring that
intermittently.ejects
a column of water and steam into
the air; the word is based from the Icelandic Geysir, name of a hot spring
of southwest Iceland, from geysa, to gush and this from Old Norse
goat.noun,.plural.goats
any of various hollow.horned,
bearded ruminant mammals of the
genus
Capra, originally of mountainous regions of Asia and Europe; raised for
wool,
milk and meat; a scapegoat
goatish.adjective
Middle
English 'got', from Old English
'gat'
garland.noun,.plural.garlands
a wreath,
being a ring of flowers or leaves, worn on your head or around your neck
for decoration or for a special ceremony (garlands of flowers)
garland.verb
to decorate someone or something,
especially with flowers; to be garlanded with (the tree was garlanded with
strings of coloured lights
garland,
garlanded,
garlanding,
garlands.transitive
verbs
to ornament
or deck with a garland; to form into a garland; from Middle
English and Old French
word 'garlande', date 1300-1400 A.D.
garter.noun,.plural.garters
an elasticized.band.worn
around the leg to hold up a stocking or sock; a suspender.strap
with a fastener.attached
to a girdle or belt to hold up a
woman's stocking; an elasticized band worn around the arm to keep the sleeve
pushed up
garter,
gartered,
gartering,
garters.transitive
verbs
to fasten and hold with
a garter; to put a garter on; from Middle
English, 'a band to support socks' and from Old
North French 'gartier' from 'garet', meaning 'bend of the knee' and
probably of Celtic origin
gimlet.noun,.plural.gimlets
a small hand tool
having a spiraled.shank,
a screw tip and a cross handle and used for boring
holes; a cocktail made with alcohol
such as either vodka or gin, sweetened lime juice and sometimes effervescent
water and garnished
with a slice of lime
gimlet,
gimleted,
gimleting,
gimlets.transitive
verbs
to penetrate
with or as if with a gimlet
gimlet.adjective
having
a penetrating or piercing.quality
(gimlet eyes); Middle English,
from Anglo-Norman 'guimbelet',
perhaps from Middle Dutch
'wimmelkijn', diminutive of
'wimmel', meaning auger
Language:.Low
German.noun
the German dialects
of northern Germany, also called Plattdeutsch, meaning flat, from the terrain
of northern Germany; the continental
West Germanic languages except High German
Language:.Middle
Low German.noun
Low German from the middle
of the 13th through the 15th century A.D.
Middle High German.noun
High German from the 11th
through the 15th century A.D.
Language:.High
German.noun
German as indigenously
spoken and written in central and southern Germany; high from German 'Hochdeutsch'
or 'hoch' meaning 'high', from the area's mountainous terrain; 'Deutsch'
is 'German'
Language:.Old
High German.noun
High German from the middle
of the 9th to the end of the 11th century
German.adjective
off, relating to or characteristic
of Germany or its people such as relating to the German language
German.noun,.plural.Germans.(map)
a native
or inhabitant of Germany; a
man or woman of German ancestry;
the West Germanic language of Germany, Austria and part of Switzerland,
in this sense, also called High German
Germanic.adjective
of,
relating.to.or.characteristic
of Germany or its people, language or culture; of or relating to speakers
of a Germanic language; of, relating to or constituting
the Germanic languages
